This section provides a list of general references that provide further information on certain aspects discussed in the framework and a list of publications arising from the research programme.
1.1
11.1.1 General
ERMITE-Consortium 2004. Mining impacts on the fresh water environment: Technical and managerial guidelines for catchment scale management. In: Younger PL, Wolkersdorfer C eds. Mine Water and the Environment 23: S2–S80. Available at: http://www.ncl.ac.uk/environment/research/documents/ERMITE_D6.pdf
Environment Canada 2009. Environmental Code of Practice for metal mines. http://www.ec.gc.ca/ceparegistry/documents/code/metal/tdm-toc.cfm. Accessed: May 2010.
International Network for Acid Prevention 2009. GARD guide. Available at: http://www.gardguide.com/index.php/Main_Page.
Moore TA, Black A, Centeno JA, Harding JS, Trumm DA eds 2005. Metal contaminants in New Zealand. Resolutionz Press, Christchurch, New Zealand.
11.1.2 Geochemistry
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF) 2008. Best Practice Guideline G4: Impact Prediction. DWAF, Republic of South Africa.
Hutchison I, Ellison R 1992. Mine waste management. Lewis, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
Lottermoser B 2007. Mine wastes: characterization, treatment, and environmental impacts. 2nd edn. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
MEND (Mine Environment Neutral Mine Drainage) 2009. Prediction manual for drainage chemistry from sulphidic geologic materials. MEND Report 1.20.1. Natural Resources Canada.
11.1.3 Biological effects
Harding JS 2005. Impacts of metals and mining on stream communities. In: Moore TA, Black A, Centeno JA, Harding JS, Trumm DA eds Metal contaminants in New Zealand. Resolutionz Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. Pp. 343-357.
Hogsden KL, Harding JS 2012. Consequences of acid mine drainage for the structure and function of benthic stream communities: a review. Freshwater Science. 31 (1): 108-120.
Hogsden KL, Harding JS 2012. Anthropogenic and natural sources of acidity and metals and their influence on the structure of stream food webs? Environmental Pollution 162: 466-474.
11.1.4 Operational management and treatment
Barnhisel RI, Darmody RG, Daniels, WL 2000. Reclamation of drastically disturbed lands. Monograph 41. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI,USA.
Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF) 2007. Best Practice Guideline H4: Water Treatment. DWAF, Republic of South Africa.
Hutchison I, Ellison R 1992. Mine waste management. Lewis, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
Lottermoser B 2007. Mine wastes: characterization, treatment, and environmental impacts. 2nd edn. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
MEND (Mine Environment Neutral Mine Drainage) 2004. Design, construction and performance monitoring of cover systems for waste rock and tailings. Natural Resources Canada.
PIRAMID Consortium 2003. Engineering guidelines for the passive remediation of acidic and/or metalliferous mine drainage and similar wastewaters. European Commission 5th Framework RTD Project no. EVK1-CT-1999-000021 ‘Passive in-situ remediation of acidic mine / industrial drainage’ (PIRAMID). University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, Newcastle Upon Tyne UK. (ISBN 0-9543827-1-4). 166 p. Available at: http://www.ncl.ac.uk/environment/research/documents/PIRAMIDFinRept.pdf
Rykaart M, Caldwell J 2006. State of the art review: Covers. Available at: http://technology.infomine.com/covers/#_Toc147628754
Skousen JG, Ziemkiewicz PF 1996. Acid mine drainage control and treatment. 2nd edn. National Research Center for Coal and Energy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV,USA. 615 p.
Skousen J, Rose A, Geidel G, Foreman J, Evans R, Hellier W 1999. A handbook of technologies for avoidance and treatment of acid mine drainage. Acid drainage technology initiative. National Mine Land Reclamation Center, West Virginia University, WV, USA. Available at: http://wvwri.nrcce.wvu.edu/programs/adti/publications/adti_handbook.html
Wright MA, et al. 2000. The practical guide to reclamation in Utah. Available at: https://fs.ogm.utah.gov/pub/MINES/Coal_Related/RecMan/Reclamation_Manual.pdf.
European Commission 2004. Reference Document on Best Available Techniques for Management of Tailings and Waste-Rock in Mining Activities. European Commission - Sustainability in Industry, Energy and Transport. Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ippc/brefs/mtwr_final_0704.pdf
U.S.Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) 1994. Technical report: Design and evaluation of tailings dams. Available at: http://www.epa.gov/osw/nonhaz/industrial/special/mining/techdocs/tailings.pdf
11.2 Publications arising from the research programme
Journal articles
Begbie M, Craw D, Rufaut C, Martin CE 2007. Temporal and spatial variability of acid rock drainage in a rehabilitated coal mine, Wangaloa, South Otago, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 50: 227-238.
Bray JA, Broady PA, Niyogi DK, Harding JS 2008. Periphyton communities in New Zealand streams impacted by acid mine drainage. Marine and Freshwater Research 59: 1084-1091.
Craw D, Rufaut CG, Haffert L, Todd A 2006. Mobilisation and attenuation of boron during coal mine rehabilitation, Wangaloa, New Zealand. Science of the Total Environment 368: 444-455.
Craw D, Rufaut CG, Haffert L, Paterson LA 2007a. Plant colonization and arsenic uptake on high arsenic mine wastes, New Zealand. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 179: 351-364.
Craw D, Rufaut CG, Hammitt S, Clearwater S, Smith CM 2007b. Geological controls on natural ecosystem recovery on mine waste in southern New Zealand. Environmental Geology 51: 1389-1400.
Craw D, Mulliner T, Haffert L, Paulsen HK, Peake B, Pope J 2008. Stratigraphic controls on water quality at coal mines in southern New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 51: 59-72.
Greig HS, Niyogi DK, Hogsden KL, Jellyman PG, Harding JS 2010. Heavy metals: confounding factors in the response of New Zealand freshwater fish assemblages to natural and anthropogenic acidity. Science of the Total Environment 408: 3240-3250.
Haffert L, Craw D 2008a. Mineralogical controls on environmental mobility of arsenic from historic mine processing residues, New Zealand. Applied Geochemistry 23: 1467-1483.
Haffert L, Craw D 2008b. Processes of attenuation of dissolved arsenic downstream from historic gold mine sites, New Zealand. The Science of the Total Environment 405: 286-300.
Haffert L, Craw D 2009. Field quantification and characterization of extreme arsenic concentrations at a historic mine processing site, Waiuta, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 52: 261-272.
Hewlett L, Craw D, Black A 2005. Comparison of arsenic and trace metal contents of discharges from adjacent coal and gold mines, Reefton, New Zealand. Marine and Freshwater Research 56: 983-995.
Hughes J, Craw D, Peake B, Lindsay P, Weber P 2007. Environmental characterisation of coal mine waste rock in the field: an example from New Zealand. Environmental Geology 52: 1501-1509.
Lear G, Niyogi D, Harding J, Dong Y, Lewis G 2009. Biofilm bacterial community structure in streams affected by acid mine drainage. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75: 3455-3460.
McComb KA, Craw D, McQuillan AJ 2007. ATR-IR spectroscopic study of antimonate adsorption to iron oxide. Langmuir 23: 12125-12130.
Milham L, Craw D 2009. Antimony mobilization through two contrasting gold ore processing systems, New Zealand. Mine Water and Environment 28: 136-145.
O'Halloran K, Cavanagh J, Harding J 2008. Response of a New Zealand mayfly (Deleatidum spp.) to acid mine drainage: Implications for mine remediation. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 27: 1135–1140.
Rait R, Trumm D, Pope J, Craw D, Newman N, MacKenzie H 2010. Adsorption of arsenic by iron rich precipitates from two coal mine drainage sites on the West Coast of New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics.
Rufaut CG, Craw D 2009. Geoecology of ecosystem recovery at an inactive coal mine site, New Zealand. Environmental Earth Science DOI 10.1007/s12665-009-0278-z
Rufaut CG, Hammitt S, Craw D, Clearwater SG 2006. Plant and invertebrate assemblages on waste rock at Wangaloa coal mine, Otago, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Ecology 30: 311-319.
Todd AJ, Rufaut, CG, Craw D, Begbie MA 2009. Indigenous plant species establishment during rehabilitation of an opencast coal mine, South-East Otago, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Forest Science 39: 81-98.
Trumm D In press 2010. Selection of active and passive treatment systems for AMD - flow charts for New Zealand conditions. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics (Special Edition - Mine Drainages in New Zealand).
Trumm D, Watts M In press 2010. Results of small-scale passive systems used to treat acid mine drainage, West Coast Region, South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics (Special Edition - Mine Drainages in New Zealand).
Trumm D, Watts M, Pope J, Lindsay P 2008. Using pilot trials to test geochemical treatment of acid mine drainage on Stockton Plateau. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 51: 175-186.
Workshop proceedings
Pope J, Trumm D, Harding J, O'Halloran K, Cavanagh J, Clemens A, Buxton R, Craw D 2006. West Coast Coal and Gold Mine Drainage Workshop. CRL Energy, Christchurch, New Zealand. 23 p.
Pope J, Trumm D, Harding J, Rait R, Niyogi D, Champeau O, Cavanagh J, Clemens A, Buxton R, Haffert L, Craw D 2008. West Coast and Southland Mine Drainage Workshop II, July 2008. CRL Energy, Christchurch, New Zealand. 32 p.
Pope J, Trumm D, Harding J, Rait R, Niyogi D, Champeau O, Cavanagh J, Clemens A, Buxton R, Haffert L, Craw D 2009. West Coast and Southland Mine Drainage Workshop III, July 2009. CRL Energy, Christchurch, New Zealand. 32 p.
Conference papers and presentations
Black A, Clemens A, Trumm D 2004a. A Collaborative Environmental Research Programme: Field studies contributing to the sustainability of New Zealand's mineral industry. PACRIM, Adelaide, Australia. 10 p.
Black A, Clemens A, Trumm D 2004b. An insight into the direction of environmental management in New Zealand's coal industry. In: Looking Back, Looking Forward, AUSIMM, Nelson, New Zealand. Pp. 15-22.
Bray J, Broady P, Harding J 2007. Algae as indicators of mine drainage impacts on the West Coast, South Island, New Zealand. NZ Freshwater Sciences Conference. CRL Energy, Rotorua, New Zealand. [Abstract]
Cavanagh J, O'Halloran K, Black A, Harding J 2005. Integration of aquatic toxicity data in a decision making framework for mining. Australian Society for Ecotoxicity, Melbourne, Australia. [Abstract]
Haffert L, Craw D 2005. Dissolution and attenuation of arsenic at an historic quartz vein-hosted gold mine, Waiuta, New Zealand. New Zealand Geochemical Group, Orakeikorako Geothermal Resort, New Zealand. [Abstract]
Haffert L, Craw D, Pope J 2006. Quantification and controls on As distribution in Westland, New Zealand. AUSIMM Annual Conference, Waihi, New Zealand. 10 p.
Harding J 2006. Benthic stream communities in naturally and anthropogenically acidified streams on the West Coast of New Zealand. North American Benthological Society Conference, Anchorage. AK, USA.
Mulliner T, Craw D, Pope J, Peake B 2006. Pit lake water quality in Southland's coal deposits. AUSIMM Annual Conference, Waihi, New Zealand. P. 10.
Pope J, Singh B, Thomas D 2005. Mining related environmental database for West Coast and Southland: Data structure and preliminary geochemical results. AUSIMM 2005. AUSIMM, Auckland, New Zealand. P. 7.
Pope J, Newman N, Craw D 2006a. Controls on acid mine drainage chemistry. In: Geosciences '06 Our Planet, Our Future. Geological Society of New Zealand, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Abstract]
Pope J, Newman N, Craw D 2006b. Coal mine drainage geochemistry, West Coast, South Island - a preliminary water quality hazard model. AUSIMM Annual Conference, Waihi, New Zealand. P. 12.
Rait R, Trumm D, Pope J, MacKenzie H 2009a. Removal of arsenic from mine drainage in New Zealand using AMD precipitates. Eighth International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage 2009, 23-26 June 2009, Skelleftea, Sweden.
Rait R, Trumm D, Pope J, MacKenzie H 2009b. Passive treatment of As rich mine drainage with AMD precipitate. In: The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy New Zealand Branch 42nd Annual Conference, August 2009, Queenstown, New Zealand.
Trumm D 2007a. Selection of passive AMD treatment systems – flow charts for New Zealand conditions. In: The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy New Zealand Branch 40th Annual Conference, August 2007, Christchurch, New Zealand. Pp. 23-27.
Trumm D 2007b. Selection of passive AMD treatment systems – Flow chart for New Zealand conditions. AusIMM Conference, August 2007, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Poster]
Trumm D 2008. Selection of active treatment systems for acid mine drainage. In: The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy New Zealand Branch 41st Annual Conference, September 2008, Wellington, New Zealand. Pp. 563-576.
Trumm D 2009. Selection of active and passive treatment systems for AMD - flow charts for New Zealand conditions. Eighth International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage 2009, 23-26 June 2009, Skelleftea, Sweden.
Trumm DA, Watts M, Gunn P 2005. Use of small-scale passive systems for treatment of acid mine drainage. In: The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy New Zealand Branch 38th Annual Conference, November 2005, Auckland, New Zealand. Pp. 243-248.
Trumm DA, Watts M, Gunn P 2006. AMD treatment in New Zealand– Use of small-scale passive systems. Proceedings, 7th International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage (ICARD), 26-30 March 2006, St Louis, MO, USA. The American Society of Mining and Reclamation (ASMR). Pp. 2142-2158.
Trumm D, Lindsay P, Watts M 2007. Acid mine drainage treatment at Herbert Stream, Stockton. In: The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy New Zealand Branch 40th Annual Conference, August 2007, Christchurch, New Zealand. Pp. 17-22.
Trumm D, Pope J, Newman N 2009. Passive treatment of neutral mine drainage at a metal mine in New Zealand using an oxidising system and slag leaching bed. Eighth International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage 2009, 23-26 June 2009, Skelleftea,Sweden.
Reports
Trumm D 2005. Methodology to determine management strategies – objective 3 milestone 1. CRL Energy Report No. CRLX0401, 05-41002-A, Christchurch, New Zealand. 5 p.
Trumm D 2006. Herbert Stream AMD remediation: Preliminary conceptual design. Report No. 06-41031. CRL Energy, Christchurch, New Zealand. 7 p.
Trumm D, Cavanagh JE 2006. Investigation of remediation of acid-mine-impacted waters at Cannel Creek. Landcare Research Contract Report LC0506/169, CRL Report 06-41101. Prepared for West Coast Regional Council, Envirolink Project no. WCRC3. Available at: http://www.wcrc.govt.nz/Resources/Documents/Publications/Environmental%20Management/BellvueMineRemediation.pdf
Miscellaneous publications
Barnden A 2005. Ecology of streams affected by iron precipitates and iron flocculants. Unpublished MSc thesis, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Harding JS 2005. Impacts of metals and mining on stream communities. In: Moore TA, Black A, Centeno JA, Harding JS, Trumm DA eds Metal contaminants in New Zealand: Sources, treatments, and effects on ecology and human health. Resolutionz Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. Pp. 343-359.
Harding J, Champeau O 2008. Can benthic invertebrates be used to predict impacts in streams with acid mine inputs? In: Newsletter of the Freshwater Ecology Research Group, August 2008. School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Harding J, Bray J, Niyogi D 2008. Do algae grow in acid mine waters? In: Newsletter of the Freshwater Ecology Research Group, July 2008. School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Moore T, Black A, Centeno J, Harding J, Trumm D eds 2005. Metal contaminants in New Zealand: Sources, treatments, and effects on ecology and human health. Rezolutionz Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. 490 p.
Trumm D 2007. Acid mine drainage in New Zealand. In: Reclamation matters. American Society of Mining and Reclamation (ASMR), Issue 1, Vol. 3(2).
Trumm D, Black A, Gordon K, Cavanagh J, O'Halloran K, de Joux A 2005. Acid mine drainage assessment and remediation at an abandoned West Coast coal mine. In: Moore TA, Black A, Centeno JA, Harding JS, Trumm DA eds Metal contaminants in New Zealand: Sources, treatments, and effects on ecology and human health. Resolutionz Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. Pp. 317-340.
11.3 New Zealand case studies authored or co-authored by the research team
11.3.1 Hard rock gold
Ashley PM, Craw D, Graham BP, Chappell DA 2003. Environmental mobility of antimony around mesothermal stibnite deposits, New South Wales, Australia and southern New Zealand. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 77: 1-14.
Ashley PM, Craw D, Tighe MK, Wilson NJ 2006. Magnitudes, spatial scales and processes of environmental antimony mobility from orogenic gold-antimony mineral deposits, Australasia. Environmental Geology 51: 499-508.
Black A, Craw D, Youngson JH, Karubaba J 2004. Natural recovery rates of a river system impacted by mine tailing discharge: Shag River, East Otago, New Zealand. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 84: 21-34.
Brown J, Sander S, Craw D, Hunter K 2005. Measurement of labile metals in acid rock drainage springs, New Zealand: Field application of anodic stripping voltammetry. Applied Geochemistry 20: 1533-1545.
Chappell DA, Craw D 2002. Geological analogue for circumneutral pH mine tailings: implications for long-term storage, Macraes Mine, Otago,New Zealand. Applied Geochemistry 17: 1105-1114.
Craw D 2001. Tectonic controls on gold deposits and their environmental impact, New Zealand. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 73: 43-56.
Craw D 2003. Geochemical changes in mine tailings during a transition to pressure–oxidation process discharge, Macraes Mine, New Zealand. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 80: 81-94.
Craw D 2005. Potential anthropogenic mobilization of mercury and arsenic from soils on mineralized rocks, Northland, New Zealand. Journal of Environmental Management 74: 283-292.
Craw D, Chappell DA 2000. Metal redistribution in historic mine wastes, Coromandel Peninsula, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 43: 187-198.
Craw D, Nelson M 2000. Geochemical signatures of discharge waters, Macraes mine flotation tailings, east Otago, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 34: 597-613.
Craw D, Chappell D, Nelson M, Walrond M 1999. Consolidation and incipient oxidation of alkaline arsenopyrite-bearing mine tailings, Macraes Mine, New Zealand. Applied Geochemistry 14: 485-498.
Craw D, Chappell D, Reay A 2000. Environmental mercury and arsenic sources in fossil hydrothermal systems, Northland, New Zealand. Environmental Geology 39: 875-887.
Craw D, Chappell D, Black A 2002a. Surface run-off from mineralized road aggregate, Puhipuhi, Northland, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 36: 105-116.
Craw D, Koons PO, Chappell DA 2002b. Arsenic distribution during formation and capping of an oxidized sulphidic minesoil, Macraes mine, New Zealand. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 76: 13-29.
Craw D, Wilson N, Ashley PM 2004. Geochemical controls on the environmental mobility of Sb and As at mesothermal antimony and gold deposits. Transactions, Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Applied Earth Sciences 113: B3-B10.
Roddick-Lanzilotta AJ, McQuillan AJ, Craw D 2002. Infrared spectroscopic characterisation of arsenate(V) ion adsorption from mine waters, Macraes Mine, New Zealand. Applied Geochemistry 17: 445-454.
Wilson NJ, Craw D, Hunter KA 2004a. Antimony distribution and environmental mobility at an historic antimony smelter site, New Zealand. Environmental Pollution 129: 257-266.
Wilson NJ, Craw D, Hunter K 2004b. Contributions of discharges from a historic antimony mine to metalloid content of river waters, Marlborough, New Zealand. Journal of Geochemical Exploration 84: 127-139.
11.3.2 Alluvial gold
Barker SLL, Kim JP, Craw D, Frew RD, Hunter KA 2004. Processes affecting the chemical composition of Blue Lake, an alluvial gold-mine pit lake in New Zealand. Marine and Freshwater Research 55: 201-211.
Craw D, Falconer D, Youngson JH 2003. Environmental arsenopyrite stability and dissolution: theory, experiment, and field observations. Chemical Geology 199: 71-82.
Falconer DM, Craw D, Youngson JH, Faure K 2006. Gold and sulphide minerals in Tertiary quartz pebble conglomerate gold placers, Southland, New Zealand. In: Els BG, Eriksson PG eds Ore Geology Reviews 28, Special Issue: Placer formation and placer minerals. Pp. 525-545.
11.3.3 Treatment options for mine drainage
Black A, Trumm D, Lindsay P 2005. Impacts of coal mining on water quality and metal mobilization: case studies from West Coast and Otago. In: Moore TA, Black A, Centeno JA, Harding JS, Trumm DA eds Metal contaminants in New Zealand, sources, treatments, and effects on ecology and human health. Resolutionz Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. Pp. 247-260.
McCauley CA, O’Sullivan AD, Weber PA, Trumm DA 2008. Performance of mesocosm-scale sulfate reducing bioreactors for treating acid mine drainage in New Zealand. [Link to abstract]. Proceedings, Meeting of the American Society of Mining and Reclamation, 14-19 June 2008, Richmond, VA,USA. Pp. 662-698.
McCauley CA, O’Sullivan AD, Milke MW, Weber PA, Trumm DA 2009. Sulfate and metal removal in bioreactors treating acid mine drainage dominated with iron and aluminum. Water Research 43: 961-970.
Trumm DA, Gordon K 2004. Solutions to acid mine drainage at Blackball and Sullivan Mines. In: The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy New Zealand Branch 37th Annual Conference, August 2004, Nelson, New Zealand. Pp. 103-109.
Trumm D, Black A, Cavanagh J, Harding J, de Joux A, Moore TA, O’Halloran K 2003. Developing assessment methods and remediation protocols for New Zealand sites impacted by Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). Sixth International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage, 12-18 July, Cairns, Queensland, Australia. Pp. 223-232.
Trumm DA, Black A, Gordon K, Cavanagh J, deJoux A 2005. Acid mine drainage assessment and remediation at an abandoned West Coast coal mine. In: Moore TA, Black A, Centeno JA, Harding JS, Trumm DA eds Metal contaminants in New Zealand, sources, treatments, and effects on ecology and human health. Resolutionz Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. Pp. 317-342.
